In , a pilot scheme extended Section 60s, including:. The government intends to continue these powers. Opponents say that Section 60 stop and searches unfairly target people from ethnic minorities. A quarter of those searched were black people, according to Home Office figures.
Stop and search has fallen significantly since its peak, when 1. A number of reports have questioned its impact, including some commissioned by the government. A key criticism is stop and search has little impact on the level of crime in an area.
Another measure is how likely they are to lead to an arrest. Since , the proportion of stop and searches resulting in an arrest has doubled. But overall, the amount of arrests has dropped. It's worth pointing out though that not all searches where something is found will always result in arrest, such as small-scale drug possession.
Police officers cannot stop you because of your race, gender or any previous criminal record. Read the detailed methodology document for this data. Someone who is stopped and searched is usually asked for their ethnicity. The circumstances of a stop and search may affect the accuracy of this information. Population data from the Census is used to work out the rate per 1, people in each area. Read more about the problems using Census data. Stop and searches are not spread evenly across England and Wales.
National rates are influenced by the higher number of stop and searches involving certain ethnic groups and the differences in populations in certain police force areas. National rates are an average of all police force areas, and may not reflect the rates in any individual police force areas.
Greater Manchester Police were unable to provide complete data in the year ending March Their partial data is included here and in the national figures.
Due to this, some rates may not match the source publication. See Download the data for:. We also use cookies set by other sites to help us deliver content from their services. You can change your cookie settings at any time.
The police can stop and question you at any time - they can search you depending on the situation. A police community support officer PCSO must be in uniform when they stop and question you.
The rules are different in Scotland. You can only be stopped and searched without reasonable grounds if it has been approved by a senior police officer. Combined with a summer of Black Lives Matter protests, stop and search has rarely been out of the news and remains controversial.
Over the last seven years, we carried out observations with police officers from two English forces. While numbers of stop and searches have declined since , the disproportionate use on young black men continues to cause concern.
Stop and search is a longstanding police power, the purpose of which is to allow police officers to find and seize prohibited items where they have reasonable grounds to believe that a person is carrying them. Disproportionate use of stop and search against young black men can only be fully understood if we also consider the use of powers to stop vehicles and to stop and account.
As we outline in our new book , it was very rare for us to witness stop and searches that uncovered stolen or prohibited items: of the people we observed being searched, only 12 such items were found. Although we observed some searches that were carried out without reasonable grounds, and some that went unrecorded, we did not witness overt racial discrimination or profiling in the use of the powers.
But our findings on stop and account and vehicle stop checks potentially shine a light on why these powers may disproportionately affect black people. Most of the searches we observed were not based on any specific intelligence that a person was carrying a stolen or prohibited item.
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